Tag Archives: Health
COVID-19 pandemic: demographic highlights
Impact démographique de la pandémie de COVID-19
Joseph Chamie
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus has resulted in enormous consequences worldwide. Joseph Chamie highlights the pandemic’s impact on the components of population change: mortality, fertility and migration.
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Are demographic indicators really converging in post transitional countries?
Les indicateurs démographiques convergent-ils vraiment dans les pays post-transition ?
Maria Castiglioni, Gianpiero Dalla Zuanna, Letizia Tanturri
After the demographic transition, convergence in all demographic behaviours (moderate fertility, low mortality and very low migration) is the guiding assumption of the UN World Population Prospects Revisions.
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Trends in age at menarche in low- and middle-income countries
Évolution de l’âge aux premières règles dans les pays à revenu faible et intermédiaire
Tiziana Leone, Laura Brown
Understanding the timing and determinants of age at menarche is key to determining potential linkages between onset of puberty and health outcomes from a lifecourse perspective.
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Strong combined impact of smoking, obesity, and alcohol on survival improvements in Europe
Les effets combinés du tabagisme, de l’obésité et de l’alcool freinent l’amélioration de la survie en Europe
Fanny Janssen, Sergi Trias-Llimós, Anton Kunst
Smoking, obesity and alcohol are considered key public health problems in Europe. Fanny Janssen, Sergi Trias-Llimós, and Anton Kunst show how changes over time in these three lifestyle factors have affected secular trends in survival
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Prevalence of chronic diseases associated with increased risk of severe COVID-19 in the Philippines
Prévalence de maladies chroniques associées à un risque accru d’atteinte sévère de COVID-19 aux Philippines
Jeofrey B. Abalos
The Philippines has the one of the highest numbers of COVID-19 cases in Southeast Asia. Using the 2016 National Disability Prevalence Survey, Jeofrey B. Abalos describes the prevalence of chronic diseases associated with increased risk of severe COVID-19
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Education and sexually transmitted infections among Malawian adolescents
Niveau d’instruction et infections sexuellement transmissibles chez les adolescent(e)s au Malawi
Barbara S. Mensch, Monica Grant, Erica Erica Soler-Hampejsek
Barbara S. Mensch, Monica Grant and Erica Soler-Hampejsek estimate the effect of enrolment, grade attainment, and skills on herpes and HIV among Malawian adolescents.
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Family planning and child health care: the Peruvian case, 1996-2000
Planification familiale et soins de santé infantile : le cas du Pérou, 1996-2000
Marianna Battaglia, Nina Pallarés
In 1996-2000, for the first time in Peru, surgical contraception was promoted among indigenous women, and sometimes imposed upon them. As Marianna Battaglia and Nina Pallarés show, its overall positive impacts on contraceptive use and child mortality conceal substantial heterogeneity by ethnicity.
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The ‘Healthy Immigrant Effect’: the role of educational selectivity
« L’effet de l’immigrant en bonne santé » : le rôle de la sélection par le niveau d’instruction
Mathieu Ichou, Matthew Wallace
Public interest in migration has intensified in recent times, and restrictive policies are gaining increasing political support. These are often based on misconceptions, such as migrants being responsible for spreading diseases and costing too much to the healthcare system.
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Gender gaps in life expectancy and alcohol consumption in Eastern Europe
Écarts d’espérance de vie entre hommes et femmes et consommation d’alcool en Europe orientale
Sergi Trias-Llimós, Fanny Janssen
Female life expectancy is higher than that of males, and this gender gap is largest in Eastern Europe. Sergi Trias-Llimós and Fanny Janssen show that alcohol-attributable mortality explained
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The political responsibility for sexual and reproductive health and rights
La classe politique doit mieux défendre les droits sexuels et reproductifs
Alaka Basu
Political representatives are routinely accused of not following up on promises. They get less criticism for not speaking on citizen rights. In the case of sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHRs), words are as consequential as actions.
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Is retirement detrimental to later-life cognition?
La retraite nuit-elle aux fonctions cognitives des seniors ?
Irene Mosca, Robert E. Wright
A growing body of research has suggested that one way to preserve cognition in later-life is to delay retirement and continue to work into the later years. Irene Mosca and Robert E. Wright test this hypothesis using data for older Irish women. They find that women who have been retired for longer have lower cognition.
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Disability prevalence among Hispanic immigrants in the US
La prévalence de l’incapacité parmi les immigrés hispaniques aux Etats-Unis
Mara Getz Sheftel, Frank W. Heiland
Disability in old age is known to be greater among Hispanic immigrants than US-born populations. However, little is known about immigrant disability at younger ages.
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Birth spacing and long-term health and mortality
Intervalles intergénésiques: quelles conséquences sur la santé aux âges adultes?
Kieron Barclay
A large body of previous work has suggested that both short and long birth intervals are associated with poor birth outcomes such as low birth weight and preterm birth, as well as poor long-term socioeconomic outcomes.
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Present and future of female genital mutilation/cutting in Europe
Mutilations génitales féminines/excision en Europe: état des lieux et perspectives
Livia Elisa Ortensi
Although previously unknown among natives in EU28, the practice of female genital mutilation/cutting is a present concern for European policymakers. As many as 500,000 foreign-born girls and women in Europe have probably undergone the practice
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Older workers in Latin America: better health but shorter working lives
Les travailleurs âgés en Amérique latine: en meilleure santé mais moins souvent actifs
Laeticia R. De Souza, Bernardo L. Queiroz, Vegard Skirbekk
Trends in labour force participation and health status of older adults in Latin America reveal a puzzling pattern: the greatly improved health (and labour) conditions of recent years have translated into markedly lower labour force participation.
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U.S. teen mothers’ smoking risk in adulthood
Le risque tabagique à l’âge adulte des mères adolescentes américaines
Stefanie Mollborn, Juhee Woo, Richard Rogers
After following about one thousand U.S. teen mothers into young adulthood, Stefanie Mollborn, Juhee Woo, and Richard Rogers, found that these women are 2.5 times as likely as other women to smoke as young adults, with the highest risk among Whites.
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Family planning in the slums of Nairobi, Kenya
Planning familial dans les bidonvilles de Nairobi, Kenya
Donatien Beguy, Alex C. Ezeh, Blessing U. Mberu, Jacques B.O. Emina
In Kenya, rapid population growth has occurred amidst poor urban governance and limited employment opportunities, leading to widespread urban poverty that is concentrated in informal settlements or slums.
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Population density interacts with sanitation to predict child health
Densité de population, équipements sanitaires et santé des enfants
Diane Coffey, Payal Hathi
Studies on child health in developing countries often find that children are healthier in urban areas than in rural areas. There are many reasons for this disparity. People in urban areas tend to be richer and better educated. Further, more densely populated places are more likely to have easier access to health services that matter
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How comparable are self-reported health data on the older population in Europe?
L’état de santé perçu des personnes âgées en Europe. Les données sont-elles comparables ?
Katherine Keenan, Else Foverskov, Emily Grundy
Europe has large projected increases in the proportion of older people in the population (United Nations 2013). Therefore, high quality, representative longitudinal data on the older European population are essential to develop our understanding of age-related changes in socio-demographic circumstances, health, resources and activity patterns. The SHARE and GGS surveys Two notable sources of large
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Demography vs ethnography (or Understanding AIDS in Malawi)
Démographie ou ethnographie (pour comprendre le sida au Malawi)
Susan Cotts Watkins
Daniel Scott Smith, a historical demographer, said it well: demography has all the ingredients of the best novels, sex and death, but they hide the pleasure of the former under the term “fertility curves” and the terror of the latter under the term “life tables.” Ethnography lets us look under the blanket. Demographers have been
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Infectious diseases in ageing populations: a neglected cause of mortality?
Les maladies infectieuses dans les populations vieillissantes: une cause de décès sous-estimée ?
Aline Désesquelles, Elena Demuru, Marilena Pappagallo, Luisa Frova, France Meslé, Viviana Egidi
In countries with high life expectancies, death is predominantly the consequence of cancers and diseases of the circulatory system.
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Counting who is dying in Sub-Saharan Africa and what they are dying from: an imperative for the post-2015 agenda
Le dénombrement des décès en Afrique sub-saharienne et l’identification de leur cause : un impératif pour l’agenda post-2015
Bruno Masquelier, Gloria Mathenge
Introduction The need for timely and reliable mortality estimates is acute in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA)
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Progression de l’espérance de vie: un champ encore grand ouvert mais non sans limite
The evolution of life expectancy: limits not reached, yet
France Meslé, Jacques Vallin
Si Jeanne Calment a vécu un peu plus de 122 ans et que rien n’indique clairement que ce record mondial soit une limite infranchissable, il est fort probable qu’une telle longévité ne puisse jamais être atteinte que par une infime fraction de l’humanité
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La limite de la vie humaine
How long can we live?
Jacques Vallin
La doyenne de l’humanité, la française Jeanne Calment est décédée en 1997 à 122 ans et 5 mois. Bien que dûment vérifié et homologué par le groupe international de recherche sur les « super-centenaires » le cas continue d’étonner tant il reste exceptionnel, unique même. Mais, depuis, l’américaine Sarah Knauss a atteint 119 ans tandis que la
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Obesity and development – maybe a fit?
La relation entre obésité et développement
Vegard Skirbekk
Wikipedia informs us that “obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems.” People in these conditions have a body mass index (BMI) that exceeds 30 kg/m2, where the BMI is
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The population of Sri Lanka in transition: policy stance
La transition démographique au Sri Lanka, et les enjeux politiques
K.A.P. Siddhisena
The present world population of 7.3 billion is projected to increase to 8.5 billion or more by 2030, with almost 90 percent of the increase occurring in the developing countries, which are already struggling to improve overwhelming issues such as severe poverty. In the context of the developing world, Sri Lanka has a favourable population
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Innovations in register data: the value of linkages to prescription databases illustrated by an analysis of underuse of medication among the unmarried
L’importance du couplage des données de registres avec les bases de données sur les prescriptions médicales : l’exemple de la sous-utilisation des médicaments parmi les non mariées
Øystein Kravdal, Emily Grundy
Data from registers that cover entire national populations have been extensively used
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