Tag Archives: Americas
Selecting highly educated immigrants may not significantly raise the average education of the U.S. labor force
Une politique de sélection d’immigrants très diplômés n’aurait pas d’effet significatif sur le niveau d’instruction moyen des travailleurs américains
Jennifer Van Hook, Alain Bélanger, Patrick Sabourin, Anne Morse
In the U.S., adopting a Canadian‐style admissions policy, i.e., explicitly selecting immigrants based on educational attainment,
read more →
Comparing mortality variability between the United States and peer countries
Comparaison de la variabilité de la mortalité entre les États-Unis et les autres pays de l’OCDE
Justin M. Vinneau, Richard Rogers, Robert A. Hummer, Elizabeth M. Lawrence
Compared to other high-income countries, the United States has lower life expectancy and greater age-specific mortality variability, due in part to a higher concentration of deaths at young ages.
read more →
Family planning and child health care: the Peruvian case, 1996-2000
Planification familiale et soins de santé infantile : le cas du Pérou, 1996-2000
Marianna Battaglia, Nina Pallarés
In 1996-2000, for the first time in Peru, surgical contraception was promoted among indigenous women, and sometimes imposed upon them. As Marianna Battaglia and Nina Pallarés show, its overall positive impacts on contraceptive use and child mortality conceal substantial heterogeneity by ethnicity.
read more →
The impact of transportation infrastructures on growth and development
L’impact des infrastructures de transport sur la croissance et le développement
Bishal Bhakta Kasu, Guangqing Chi
In developing economies, transportation infrastructures are considered a growth factor. But is this still true when the economy matures? Bishal Kasu and Guangqing Chi answer this question using recent (1970–2010) county-level data in the continental United States.
read more →
The ultimate inequality: vast mortality disparities across U.S. regions
De grandes disparités de mortalité entre les régions américaines
Wesley James, Jeralynn Cossman, Julia Wolf
The ultimate form of health inequality is death. Combining the concepts of region, division, and urban-rural residence in the U.S., Wesley James, Jeralynn Cossman, Julia Wolf highlight variation in mortality to ask and answer the question:
read more →
Fertility preferences and reproductive outcomes in the developing world
Désir d’enfant et fécondité réalisée dans les pays en développement
John Bongaarts, John Casterline
The implementation of fertility desires through contraception is imperfect, resulting in unplanned births and induced abortions. The highest unplanned pregnancy rates (over two pregnancies during a woman’s lifetime) are observed in countries approaching the end of the fertility
read more →
Female political empowerment decreases mortality in developing countries
La participation politique des femmes réduit la mortalité dans les pays en développement
Ross Macmillan, Naila Shofia, Wendy Sigle
Gender equality in political participation may make a difference. Ross Macmillan, Naila Shofia, and Wendy Sigle show that women’s presence in national legislatures above a threshold of around 30 percent is associated with significant declines in childhood and maternal mortality, even after controlling for other features of women’s status like education and labour force participation.
read more →
Disability prevalence among Hispanic immigrants in the US
La prévalence de l’incapacité parmi les immigrés hispaniques aux Etats-Unis
Mara Getz Sheftel, Frank W. Heiland
Disability in old age is known to be greater among Hispanic immigrants than US-born populations. However, little is known about immigrant disability at younger ages.
read more →
Marriage markets and assortative mating in first marriages and remarriages in the USA
Les marchés du mariage et l’homogamie sociale dans les premiers mariages et les remariages aux Etats Unis
Zhenchao Qian, Daniel T. Lichter
Using data from the American Community Survey 2008-2014, Zhenchao Qian and Daniel T. Lichter show how assortative mating patterns are subject to local marriage market conditions.
read more →
The myth of the sandwich generation in Brazil
Le mythe de la génération sandwich au Brésil
Maria Carolina Tomás, Everton Emanuel Campos de Lima, Bernardo Lanza Queiroz
Due to rapid and profound demographic changes, population age structure in Brazil has changed sharply in the past few years. Contrary to widespread belief, however, Maria Carolina Tomás, Everton Emanuel Campos de Lima and Bernardo Lanza Queiroz note that this process
read more →
Older workers in Latin America: better health but shorter working lives
Les travailleurs âgés en Amérique latine: en meilleure santé mais moins souvent actifs
Laeticia R. De Souza, Bernardo L. Queiroz, Vegard Skirbekk
Trends in labour force participation and health status of older adults in Latin America reveal a puzzling pattern: the greatly improved health (and labour) conditions of recent years have translated into markedly lower labour force participation.
read more →
Sexual and reproductive health in Argentina: a right for everyone?
La santé sexuelle et reproductive en Argentine: un droit pour tous?
Eleonora Rojas Cabrera
Mortality from sexually transmitted diseases has been declining too slowly and unevenly in Argentina, compromising the right to sexual and reproductive health with equal opportunities.
read more →
How long do older Americans work?
Quelle est l’espérance de vie active des américains ?
Christian Dudel, Mikko Myrskylä
Christian Dudel and Mikko Myrskylä study how the length of working life has developed in the U.S. since the early 1990s. While overall life expectancy has increased, there has been no expansion of working life. Recessions and financial crises have a negative impact on working life expectancy, with considerable heterogeneity by gender and race. Life
read more →
Internal migration and spatial de-concentration of population in Latin America
Migration interne et déconcentration spatiale en Amérique latine
Jorge Rodriguez Vignoli, Francisco Rowe
Little is known about the details of migration across the urban hierarchy in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Building on their recent work, Jorge Rodriguez Vignoli and Francisco Rowe examine how internal migration is reshaping the urbanization process
read more →
Age, gender, alcohol, and traffic accidents in Brazil
Âge, sexe, alcool et accidents de la route au Brésil
Luciana Conceição de Lima, Valdeniz da Silva Cruz Júnior
According to the World Health Organization’s Global Report Status Report on Road Safety 2015, more than 1.2 million people die every year on the roads around the world, most of them living in poor countries. And most of these traffic deaths are predictable and could be prevented with relative ease, with proper policies
read more →
Summertime, and the livin’ is easy … and longer
Vivre au soleil toute l’année : le secret d’une vie plus longue ?
Tina Ho, Andrew Noymer
“Summertime, and the livin’ is easy” — so begins one of the most famous American songs, Summertime from the Gershwin brothers’ Porgy and Bess. Is the living really easier in the summer? For demographers, this might be answered by looking not at living, but at dying. Specifically, are death rates lower in the summer than
read more →
All U.S. states are becoming more racially diverse… for now
La diversité ethnique augmente dans tous les états des États-Unis
Barrett A. Lee, Michael J.R. Martin, Stephen A. Matthews, Chad R. Farrell
Universal patterns or trends are rare in demographic research. Yet we have uncovered one: since 1980, all 50 U.S. states have become more ethnically and racially diverse (Lee et al. 2017).
read more →
Immigrant receptivity and local area unemployment in the U.S.
Chômage et perception des immigrés à l’échelle locale aux États-Unis
Gordon F. De Jong, Deborah R. Graefe, Chris Galvan, Stephanie Howe Hasanali
Recent political events in many countries have made it clear that the receptivity of immigrants by destination area citizens is a contentious issue. Natives in arrival countries have demonstrated both hostile and welcoming attitudes and behavior
read more →
Majority to minority: the declining U.S. white population
Quand la majorité devient minorité : le cas des blancs aux Etats-Unis
Dudley L. Poston jr., Rogelio Sáenz
In this essay we document the demography of the decline of the white population in the United States, a country with a long history of white supremacy.
read more →
Think race and ethnicity are permanent? Think again
Surprise! Race et appartenance ethnique changent au fil du temps
Carolyn A. Liebler, Sonya R. Porter, Leticia E. Fernandez, James M. Noon, Sharon R. Ennis
Add something else to the list of things that seem simple but are actually complicated – the way someone reports their race or ethnicity. In a recently-published research article (Liebler et al. 2017), we used a large, unique linked dataset from two U.S. Censuses
read more →
The demography of Trump’s wall
Le mur de Trump et ses conséquences démographiques
Dudley L. Poston jr., Peter A. Morrison
A major feature of the presidential campaign of Donald Trump was his pledge to build a wall on the southern border of the United States that would stop once and forever the “illegal” migration of Mexicans and others from Central America. He told his supporters that Mexico would pay for the wall. But he has
read more →
The economic and fiscal impact of immigration in the US
L’impact économique et fiscal de l’immigration aux États-Unis
Francine D. Blau, Christopher Mackie
More than 40 million people living in the United States were born in other countries, and almost an equal number have at least one foreign-born parent. Together, immigrants and their children comprise almost one in four Americans. Not only does immigration affect the environment in which everyone lives, learns, and works, but it also interacts
read more →
Assimilation and birth outcomes of Hispanics in the US
Mariages mixtes et issue des grossesses des Hispaniques aux États Unis
Osea Giuntella
The immigrant health effect is a well-known public health fact observed in many advanced economies. Immigrants tend to be healthier than natives, though their health advantage erodes over time.
read more →
Beyond mothers who father: the study of female headship
Au-delà des pères absents: les ménages où le chef de famille est une femme
Chia Liu
More than half of a century has passed since Edith Clark first wrote “My Mother Who Fathered Me” in 1957, a classic study on single motherhood (marriage, sex, and concubinage) in Jamaica at the time. The Caribbean, along with Latin America, continue to experience high levels of non-marital childbearing today.
read more →
Growing education-related disparities in length of life in the US
Mortalité différentielle par niveau d’éducation aux Etats Unis
Isaac Sasson
“Time and chance happeneth to them all. For man also knoweth not his time: as the fishes that are taken in an evil net, and as the birds that are caught in the snare; so are the sons of men snared in an evil time, when it falleth suddenly upon them.” (Ecclesiastes 9, 11-12; KJV)
read more →
Adolescent fertility in Latin America and the Caribbean
La fécondité des adolescentes en Amérique latine et dans les Antilles
Jorge Rodriguez Vignoli
Up until the 1970s, the Latin American and Caribbean region stood out for its high levels of fertility. Decline was rapid in subsequent years, but adolescent fertility in the region is still a concern: it is the second highest in the world, after sub-Saharan Africa (Figure 1). According to the latest censuses and surveys, approximately
read more →
The changing American age curve of divorce
L’évolution du divorce aux Etats Unis: plus fréquent, et à des âges plus élevés
Lowell L. Hargens
The incidence of divorce, like the incidence of many other demographic phenomena, varies greatly across the life course. Divorce is most prevalent during young adulthood and relatively infrequent among the elderly, a pattern that has been present for at least a century.
read more →
Lower world population growth? A matter of culture
Une moindre croissance démographique mondiale? Une question de culture
Vegard Skirbekk, Marcin Stonawski, Guido Alfani
The demographic transition, i.e., the passage from the ancient to the modern demographic regime of low fertility and low mortality, can be a highly heterogeneous process, and its impact on population growth can differ widely.
read more →
Deaths exceed births in most of Europe, but not in the United States, and not in Texas
Plus de décès que de naissances dans la plupart de l’Europe, mais pas aux États-Unis, et pas au Texas
Dudley L. Poston jr., Kenneth M. Johnson, Layton Field
Prevalence of natural decrease. In the first decade of the 21st century (2000-2009), 58 percent of the 1,391 counties of Europe had more deaths than births
read more →
If American women have it so bad, why should India’s women not “not join” the labor force?
Pour les Indiennes comme pour les Américaines, intégrer le marché du travail n’est pas aussi facile qu’on le décrit.
Alaka Basu
If there is one gender issue that has mainstream America rightly roiled up today, it has to do with women and work, or more specifically, women at work.
read more →
The United Nations Agenda for Sustainable Development
L’agenda des Nations Unies pour le développement durable
Massimo livi Bacci
The United Nations Sustainable Development Summit was held in New York on 25-27 September 2015. The 193-member UN General Assembly formally adopted the ambitious agenda “Transforming Our World: 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”
read more →